An Egyptologist of the opera. Auguste Mariette and “Aida”

Aida, often referred to as an “Egyptian opera,” became a classic almost immediately after its premiere in 1871. Initially, it was intended to grace the celebrations marking the opening of the Suez Canal, but ultimately this plan did not come to fruition – more than two years passed between the inauguration of the Canal and the first performance of Aida. Set in ancient Egypt, it continues to attract thousands of viewers, fascinated by the tragic story of the main character and the stunning music by Giuseppe Verdi. Few people know that the “archaeological” character of this opera was the work of a man whose name is now known to every enthusiast of ancient Egypt – the French Egyptologist Auguste Mariette (1821–1881).

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Herding, winemaking, banquets… The daily use of ceramic vessels in ancient Egypt

It is often difficult for us to imagine what everyday life was like in ancient times. We fantasize about the past, romanticize its image, and create visions of mystical, incomprehensible rituals. We also often see it through the prism of wars and elite culture. Meanwhile, our ancestors most likely had similar needs and functioned in a similar way to us. A good example of this similarity in experience is the use of ceramic vessels. Just as we cook in pots (admittedly metal ones today) and drink from cups, the ancient Egyptians used specific vessels for specific purposes.

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Fresh Copper Reveals Insights into Egyptian Metallurgy

Ancient Egyptian metals are usually associated with royal treasures and spectacular tomb finds. New research from Tell el-Retaba shifts attention to everyday metallurgy, revealing how copper and bronze were processed in a settlement on Egypt’s northeastern frontier. The discoveries made by a Polish and Slovak team offer rare insight into small-scale metalworking during the New Kingdom and Third Inermediate Period.

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Fish in Egypt – a staple food or forbidden fruit?

One of the most famous quotes about Ancient Egypt comes from Herodotus. He states that Egypt is “a gift of the Nile.” He explains the reasons for this statement, among which he mentions easy access to fish. It seems, therefore, that fish should have been an important part of the ancient Egyptians’ diet. However, this contradicts references by other ancient authors who mention the existence of a taboo on eating fish in Egypt. So did the Egyptians eat fish?

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Daily Life Written in Clay – Egyptian Ceramic from Tell el-Retaba

Ceramic vessels, though often perceived merely as broken shards, constitute an invaluable source of knowledge about ancient Egypt. At archaeological sites such as Tell el-Retaba in the eastern Nile Delta, they are the most numerous category of finds. Each excavation season yields thousands, sometimes even millions, of pottery fragments. They may appear as a chaotic mass, but to a ceramologist—a specialist in the study of ceramics—every fragment is a testament to daily life, production technology, and trade networks from thousands of years ago.

Analysis of ceramics allows researchers not only to establish the chronology of archaeological layers, but also to determine the functions of the buildings in which the vessels were found. From storage rooms and workshops to dining areas. Differences in shapes, clay types, manufacturing techniques, and surface finishes also reveal much about the social status of the vessel users and far-reaching trade connections, both within Egypt and beyond its borders.

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The Church of the Holy Virgin of Deir al-Surian

Deir al-Surian is located in the geological depression of Wadi al-Natrun, west of the Nile delta, a region known as Sketis in Late Antiquity. Its church, dedicated to the Holy Virgin, has been in continual use since its construction in the 7th century AD. Between the 9th and 16th centuries, a mixed Syriac-Coptic community celebrated in the church, and its architecture, paintings and inscriptions testify to the cultural exchange between the two groups. 

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